EMS నంబూద్రిపాద్ తాత్వికత
1960లో నంబూద్రిపాద్ కేరళ శాసనసభకు ఎన్నికయ్యారు, అక్కడ ప్రతిపక్ష నేతగా పనిచేశారు. అంతర్గత వివాదాలు 1964లో CPI విచ్ఛిన్నానికి దారితీశాయి మరియు నంబూద్రిపాద్ యొక్క కరడుగట్టిన వర్గం కమ్యూనిస్ట్ పార్టీ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా (మార్క్సిస్ట్)గా మారింది. అతను 1967లో మరో పర్యాయం ముఖ్యమంత్రిగా గెలుపొందాడు. 1969లో అతని సంకీర్ణం చీలిపోయింది మరియు కేరళ శాసనసభలో మరోసారి ప్రతిపక్ష నేత కావడానికి ముఖ్యమంత్రి పదవికి రాజీనామా చేశాడు. 1991లో క్రియాశీల రాజకీయ జీవితం నుండి విరమించుకున్నప్పటికీ, రాజకీయాల గురించి విపులంగా రాస్తూనే ఉన్నారు.
నంబూద్రిపాద్ 1957లో కేరళ ముఖ్యమంత్రిగా ఎన్నికయ్యారు. ఆయన పదవీ కాలంలో భూసంస్కరణలు, ప్రభుత్వోద్యోగులకు జీతాలు పెంచడం మరియు రాష్ట్రానికి కొత్త ప్రైవేట్ పారిశ్రామిక పెట్టుబడులను ఆకర్షించడంలో సహాయపడ్డారు. ప్రైవేట్ పాఠశాలలు ప్రభుత్వ జాబితా నుండి ఉపాధ్యాయులను నియమించాలని అతని ప్రయత్నాలు మత పెద్దలు మరియు ఉన్నత కులాల సభ్యుల నుండి వ్యతిరేకతను ఎదుర్కొన్నాయి, వారు పాఠశాలలు కమ్యూనిస్ట్ బోధన కోసం ఉపయోగించబడతాయని భయపడ్డారు. 1959లో ఢిల్లీలోని జాతీయ ప్రభుత్వం, కేరళ దాటి కమ్యూనిజం వ్యాప్తి చెందుతుందనే భయంతో, కేరళ రాష్ట్ర ప్రభుత్వాన్ని రద్దు చేసి రాష్ట్రపతి పాలన విధించింది.
1960లో నంబూద్రిపాద్ కేరళ శాసనసభకు ఎన్నికయ్యారు, అక్కడ ప్రతిపక్ష నేతగా పనిచేశారు. అంతర్గత వివాదాలు 1964లో CPI విచ్ఛిన్నానికి దారితీశాయి మరియు నంబూద్రిపాద్ యొక్క కరడుగట్టిన వర్గం కమ్యూనిస్ట్ పార్టీ ఆఫ్ ఇండియా (మార్క్సిస్ట్)గా మారింది. అతను 1967లో మరో పర్యాయం ముఖ్యమంత్రిగా గెలుపొందాడు. 1969లో అతని సంకీర్ణం చీలిపోయింది మరియు కేరళ శాసనసభలో మరోసారి ప్రతిపక్ష నేత కావడానికి ముఖ్యమంత్రి పదవికి రాజీనామా చేశాడు. 1991లో క్రియాశీల రాజకీయ జీవితం నుండి విరమించుకున్నప్పటికీ, రాజకీయాల గురించి విపులంగా రాస్తూనే ఉన్నారు.It was on this day, 60 years back, the first Left govt in the world, came to power electorally, took office in Kerala, led by EMS Namboodripad.
60 years of the first #Communist Government in Kerala
It was exactly today, 60 years back, the first Communist government headed by Com. #EMS was sworn in Kerala, marking a beginning of a new era in the history of the state. The 11 member ministry initiated a number of path breaking policy initiatives in the state, catapulting it to the top of many indices – health, education and land reforms – not only in the country but also globally.
It was a historic moment not just for CPM, then the largest Opposition group in Parliament, but also for the world communist movement.
The government focussed on building a welfare state – embarking on a number of initiatives that addressed the rights and needs of peasants and industrial workers.
It raised minimum wages and protected employment. It attempted to build a diverse industrial base by encouraging small-scale industries. The number of factories rose by 30% in 3 years — from 1,613 in 1957 to 2,275 units in 1959. Wages for the top layer in the workforce were frozen, while minimum wages were raised for the lowest strata.
Legislation was drafted for land reforms, the centre-piece of the programme for social and economic progress. EMS outlined the intent of his government as implementing policies and reforms promised by Nehru’s government, and within the framework of the Indian Constitution.
The democratically elected government was dismissed by the Centre in 1959, invoking Article 356 of the Constitution -- the first instance of the Centre misusing it.
Elamkulam Manakkal Sankaran Namboodiripad, popularly known as E. M. S., was an Indian Communist leader, Socialist-Marxist theorist, revolutionary, author, historian, social commentator and the first Chief Minister of Kerala state.
Today is the birth anniversary of Elamkulam Manakkal Sankaran Namboodiripad, ( 13 June 1909 – 19 March 1998), popularly known as E. M. S., an Indian Communist leader, Socialist-Marxist theorist, revolutionary, author, historian, social commentator and the first Chief Minister of Kerala state. As the first non-Indian National Congress Chief Minister in Republic of India, he became the leader of the first democratically elected Communist government in India .
Elamkulam Manakkal Sankaran Namboodiripad pioneered radical land and educational reforms in Kerala state that are today being duplicated by other states of India. It is largely due to his commitment and guidance that the Communist Party of India (Marxist), of which he was Politburo member and general secretary for 14 years, has become such a domineering political force, playing a vital role in India's new era of coalition politics...............
#RememberingComradeEMS
CPI (M) Remembers Comrade EMS on his Birth Anniversary!
Red Salute Comrade E M S Namboodiripad
Comrade E.M.S. Namboodiripad was one of the foremost leaders of the Communist movement in India and one of the founding leaders of the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
In his nearly seven decades of public life and revolutionary activities, E.M.S. Namboodiripad left an indelible imprint on the progressive and working class movement of the country. As a young man, he became active in the social reform movement against caste. He left college in 1931 to join the freedom struggle and was jailed in the satyagraha movement. From then onwards, he played an important role in the Congress movement and was one of the founders of the Congress Socialist Party in Kerala. In 1934 he became the all India joint secretary of the Congress Socialist Party. It is in this period that E.M.S. while leading the Congress Party as General Secretary of the Kerala Pradesh Congress Party became acquainted with Marxism. He was one of the five members who formed the founding group of the Communist Party in Kerala in 1936. E.M.S. Namboodiripad represented the coming together of the two streams, the anti-imperialist and the anti-feudal struggles, which laid the foundations for the development of a powerful communist movement in Kerala. He was one of the key proponents of Aikya Kerala which led to the formation of Kerala as a unified linguistic state.
E.M.S. Namboodiripad was first elected to the Madras Provincial Legislative Assembly in 1939. As an important leader of the fledgling Communist Party he donated the proceeds of his landed property to the Party. He went underground building the Party in crucial periods between 1939-42 and 1948-50. He was elected to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of India in 1941. He became a member of the Polit Bureau of the CPI in December 1950 and later its Secretariat. He became General Secretary of the united CPI in 1962.
In 1957, after the state of Kerala was formed in the first elections in 1957, the Communist Party won a majority and E.M.S. Namboodiripad became Chief Minister of the first elected Communist ministry in India. It was the EMS ministry which initiated the path breaking land reform legislation and other democratic measures, till the ministry was dismissed undemocratically in 1959. E.M.S. Namboodiripad became Chief Minister of Kerala again in 1967 heading a United Front ministry till 1969.
E.M.S. joined the leading group from the united Party who formed the CPI(M) and was elected to the Central Committee and the Polit Bureau of the Party at the Seventh Congress of the Party in 1964 and he continued to serve in these positions till his death.
E.M.S. Namboodiripad was elected the General Secretary of Central Committee of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) in 1977 and he led the Party in this capacity till the 14th Congress in 1992 when he stepped down due to ill-health. His leadership in rallying all the Left, democratic and secular forces was invaluable.
E.M.S. was a brilliant Marxist theoretician. He made outstanding contributions to the application of Marxism-Leninism to Indian society and in working out the strategy and tactics of the Indian revolution. His vast body of writings bear the mark of an original and creative mind which mastered the dialectics of Marxist theory. His writings on land relations, Kerala, society and politics and his writings on Marxist philosophy, literature and history -- mark him out to be one of the most influential communist thinkers of the country and the world.
E.M.S. Namboodiripad was a rare example of a Communist leader who hailing from a traditional landlord family graduated to become the foremost leader of the proletarian revolutionary movement. He spent three years in jail and six years underground. His was a life of sacrifice and simplicity. He set an example which has inspired tens of thousands of communists all over the country. In Kerala he was a legend in his lifetime who was adored and respected by all sections of the people. Till the last day of his life, despite failing health, E.M.S kept to his daily routine of writing articles and providing guidance to the Party.
He died on March 19, 1998 at the age of 89.
The Heinous Role of the RSS in the Dismissal of the Communist Government in 1959:
The movement against democracy is in the DNA of the BJP and the RSS. In 1959, the RSS and the Jana Sangh joined hands with the Congress party in the infamous “liberation struggle” against the E. M. S. Namboodiripad government in Kerala. The liberation struggle was actively funded by the American CIA, as Patrick Moynihan has frankly documented in his book. As part of the liberation struggle, Atal Bihari Vajpayee came to Kottayam and spoke at an anti-communist meeting in which the owner of 'Malayala Manorama' daily – Mamman Mappilai – presided. On the 31st of July 1959, the EMS ministry was dismissed by invoking Article 356. On the 1st of August 1959, the RSS and Jana Sangh workers celebrated “Victory Day”.
#RashtriyaSarvnashSangh
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